Old wine in a new bottle: Governance, fragility and armed conflict trio in Swat Valley, Pakistan

Old wine in a new bottle: Governance, fragility and armed conflict trio in Swat Valley, Pakistan

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Fragility in governance and armed conflict are directly linked and are the causes and consequence of each other.This study aimed to understand pre and during conflict scenarios of fragile governance in Swat.This research turbo air m3f24-1 used qualitative research design and conducted in depth interviews from multiple stakeholders ranging from government officials to men and women in the community.The results showed that weak legislation and legal plurality My Mom Dad Is Well Trained Funny Cartoon Dog Gift For Dog Lover Personalized Shirt led to the fragility in governance that later on transformed into armed conflict.

The findings reveal that the fragile administrative governance was the root cause in the initiation of armed insurgency in Swat.